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Zwinger (Dresden)
The Zwinger (''Dresdner Zwinger'') is a palace in Dresden, eastern Germany, built in Rococo style and designed by court architect Matthäus Daniel Pöppelmann. It served as the orangery, exhibition gallery and festival arena of the Dresden Court.
The location was formerly part of the Dresden fortress of which the outer wall is conserved. The name derives from the German word ''Zwinger'' (an enclosed killing ground in front of a castle or city gate); it was for the cannons that were placed between the outer wall and the major wall. The Zwinger was not enclosed until the Neoclassical building by Gottfried Semper called the Semper Gallery was built on its northern side.
Today, the Zwinger is a museum complex that contains the ''Gemäldegalerie Alte Meister'' (Old Masters Picture Gallery), the Dresden Porcelain Collection (''Porzellansammlung'') and the ''Mathematisch-Physikalischer Salon'' (Royal Cabinet of Mathematical and Physical Instruments).
== Current inner city location ==
The Zwinger covers an area on the northwestern edge of the ''Innere Altstadt'' ("inner old town") that is part of the historic heart of Dresden. It is located in the immediate vicinity of other famous sights, including Dresden Palace and the Semperoper opera house. The Zwinger is bounded by ''Sophienstraße'' in the southeast, ''Postplatz'' in the south, ''Ostra-Allee'' in the southwest, the ''Am Zwingerteich'' road in the northwest and Theatre Square (''Theaterplatz'') in the east. Nearby buildings include the Dresden State Theatre to the southwest, the ''Haus am Zwinger'' to the south, the ''Taschenbergpalais'' hotel to the southeast, the west wing of the palace with its Green Vault to the east, the ''Altstädtische Hauptwache'' to the northeast, the Semper Opera to the north and the former royal stables to the northwest. Within view lie the Catholic Court Church and the Italian Village in Theatre Square, the ''Wilsdruffer Kubus'' on ''Postplatz'' and The Duchess Garden with the remnants of the former orangery building in the west. The terraced banks of the River Elbe are located 200 metres northeast of the Zwinger.
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